NguEmily Chow, uDominique Patton
I-BEIJING (iReuters) - I-China ikhupha inkqubo ye-quota yokunciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-phosphates, isithako esibalulekileyo sesichumisi, kwisiqingatha sesibini salo nyaka, abahlalutyi bathi, bekhankanya ulwazi oluvela kubavelisi abakhulu be-phosphate belizwe.
I-quotas, ebekwe ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba okuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kunyaka ophelileyo, ingakwandisa ungenelelo lwe-China kurhwebo ukugcina isiciko kumaxabiso asekhaya kunye nokukhusela ukhuseleko lokutya ngelixa amaxabiso ezichumisi zehlabathi enyuka kufutshane nerekhodi ephezulu.
Ngo-Okthobha ophelileyo, i-China iphinde yahamba ukuze ithintele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngokuzisa imfuneko entsha yokuhlolwa kwezatifikethi zokuthumela isichumisi kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumeneyo, igalelo kubonelelo oluqinileyo lwehlabathi.
Amaxabiso ezichumisi onyuswe zisohlwayo kubavelisi abakhulu baseBelarus naseRussia, ngelixa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuziinkozo esonyusa imfuno yephosphate kunye nezinye izondlo zezityalo kumafama kwihlabathi liphela.
I-China lelona lizwe lithumela ii-phosphates ezinkulu kwihlabathi, lithumela iitoni ezizizigidi ezili-10 kulo nyaka uphelileyo, okanye malunga ne-30% yorhwebo lwehlabathi lulonke.Abathengi bayo abaphezulu yayiyiIndiya, iPakistan kunye neBangladesh, ngokwedatha yesiko laseTshayina.
I-China ibonakala ngathi ikhuphe izabelo zokuthumela ngaphandle ezingaphezulu nje kwe-3 yezigidi zeetoni zephosphates kubavelisi kwisiqingatha sesibini salo nyaka, utshilo uGavin Ju, umhlalutyi wezichumiso waseTshayina kwiQela leCRU, ecaphula ulwazi oluvela kubavelisi abamalunga neshumi elinesibini abaye baxelelwa ngoorhulumente basekhaya. ukusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni.
Oko kuya kuphawula ukuhla nge-45% kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa eTshayina ezizizigidi ezi-5.5 zeetoni kwangelo xesha linye kunyaka ophelileyo.
IKhomishini yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlengahlengiso, i-arhente yesicwangciso sombuso esinamandla saseChina, ayizange iphendule kwisicelo sokuphawula malunga nokwabiwa kwezabelo zayo, ezingakhange zibhengezwe esidlangalaleni.
Abavelisi be-phosphates abaphezulu uYunnan Yuntianhua, i-Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group kunye neqela likarhulumente laseGuizhou Phosphate Chemical Group (GPCG) abazange baphendule iifowuni okanye banqabile ukuphawula xa beqhagamshelana neReuters.
Abahlalutyi be-S&P Global Commodity Insights bathi balindele i-quota emalunga ne-3 yezigidi zeetoni kwisiqingatha sesibini.
(Umzobo: eTshayina iyonke iphosphate ethunyelwa ngaphandle ihlaziyiwe, )
Nangona i-China iye yamisela imisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle kwizichumisi kwixesha elidlulileyo, amanyathelo amva nje abonisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo okokuqala kweziqinisekiso zokuhlola kunye nezabelo zokuthumela ngaphandle, abahlalutyi bathi.
Abanye abavelisi abakhulu be-phosphates, njenge-diammonium phosphate esetyenziswa ngokubanzi (DAP), baquka iMorocco, iUnited States, iRashiya kunye neSaudia Arabia.
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kulo nyaka uphelileyo kuphakamise inkxalabo ngeBeijing, ekufuneka iqinisekise ukhuseleko lokutya kubantu bayo abasisi-1.4 sebhiliyoni nanjengoko zonke iindleko zefama zisanda.
Amaxabiso asekhaya aseTshayina ahlala ekwisaphulelo esibalulekileyo kumaxabiso ehlabathi, nangona kunjalo, kwaye okwangoku amalunga nama-300 eedola ngaphantsi kwe-1,000 yeedola ngetoni nganye ecatshulwe eBrazil, ekhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle.
Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-phosphate yase-China kunyuke kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2021 ngaphambi kokuyeka ngo-Novemba, emva kokuba imfuno yokuhlolwa kwesatifikethi yaziswa.
Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-DAP kunye ne-monoammonium phosphate kwiinyanga ezintlanu zokuqala kulo nyaka ziphelele kwi-2.3 yezigidi zeetoni, zehle nge-20% ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo.
(Umzobo: Iimarike eziphezulu zaseTshayina zeDAP, )
Izithintelo zokuthumela ngaphandle ziya kuxhasa amaxabiso aphezulu ehlabathi, nanjengoko belinganisa imfuno kwaye bathumele abathengi bekhangela enye imithombo, abahlalutyi bathi.
Umthengi ophezulu waseIndiya mva nje uvale abathengisi bexabiso bavunyelwe ukuhlawulela i-DAP nge-920 yeedola ngetoni nganye, kwaye imfuno evela ePakistan nayo ithulisiwe ngenxa yamaxabiso aphezulu, utshilo i-S&P Global Commodity Insights.
Nangona amaxabiso ehle kancinci kwiiveki zamva nje njengoko imarike iqhelana neziphumo zengxaki yaseUkraine, bebeya kwehla ngakumbi ukuba bekungenjalo ngenxa yezabelo zaseTshayina zokuthengisa ngaphandle, utshilo uGlen Kurokawa, umhlalutyi we-CRU wephosphates.
“Kukho eminye imithombo, kodwa ngokubanzi imarike iqinile,” utshilo.
Ingxelo nguEmily Chow, uDominique Patton kunye negumbi leendaba laseBeijing;Ihlelwa nguEdmund Klamann
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-20-2022